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Canarium strictum Roxb. (BURSERACEAE) Common namesEnglish: Black dammar, Black dhup, Indian white mahagony.Sanskrit: RaladhupaKannada: Kari dhup, Halemaddu, Raala dhupa.Tamil: Attam, Karunkungiliyam.Malayalam: Karuthukungiliyam, Thellim.Telugugu: Nalla rojanamu. Description: Large trees, 20-30 (-50) m tall, buttressed; branches tawny tomentose. Leaf rachis up to 35 cm long; leaflets (5-) 7-11, ovate to ovate-elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-obovate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 7…

Calophyllum polyanthum Wallich ex Choisy (GUTTIFERACEAE) Common names:English: Poonspar or Sirpoon tree.Kannada: Kuve, Siriponne.Tamil: Katta pinnei, Pongu.Malayalam: Katta pinna, Pinnapai. Description: Trees, 7-45 m tall; bark yellow, grey to brown or balck, exfoliating in longitudinal, oblong flakes. Leaves opposite, ovate to elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 10-15 x 3-4 cm, acute or cuneate at base, obtuse or…

Calophyllum inophyllum L. (GUTTIFERAE) Common namesEnglish: Dielo Oil tree, Alexandrian Laurel.Sanskrit: Nagachampa, Panchkesara, Punnaga.Kannada: Honne.Tamil: Pinnai.Malayalam: Punna.Telugu: Poona or Puna. Description: Towering trees reaching up to 20 meters in height, displaying a wide-spreading crown. Their bark varies from brown to pale grey, often marked with broad, boat-shaped clefts; they produce milky or yellow exudate. The…

Canthium dicoccum (Gaertner) Teys. & Binn. var. umbellatum(Wight) Santapau & Merch. (RUBIACEAE) Common namesKannada: Amme mara, Amme hannu.Tamil: Nallamanthanam. Description: Trees without thorns, reaching heights of 8-10 meters with smooth grey bark. Their leaves are arranged opposite to each other, shaped as elliptic-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, measuring 8-15 x 3-5 cm, with a pointed base, a…

Calophyllum apetalum Willd. (GUTTIFERAE) Common namesSanskrit: Jothishmathi.Kannada: Holehone, Surahonne.Tamil: Siru pinnai.Malayalam: Cherupinna. Description: Trees, up to 30 m tall; bole cylindrical; bark yellowish, very thick and characteristic with boat-shaped furrows and lenticels; exudate white or yellowish. Leaves opposite, ovate, obovate or oblong to elliptic, 5-20×2.5-5 cm, truncate to rounded to rarely acute to cuneate at…

Canthium angustifolium Roxb. (RUBIACEAE) Common namesMalayalam: Kattara-mull.Tamil: Mullu nenki, Kattu kara. Description: Subscandent armed shrubs; spines 1-1.2 cm long, slightly curved; branches rusty-pubescent. Leaves opposite, ovate-cordate to lanceolate, 4.5 – 9 x 2-4 cm, rounded at base, acuminate at apex, glabrous and shining; petioles 2-3 cm long, rusty-pubescent. Flowers in axillary fascicles, 5-merous, greenish-white. Calyx…

Caryota urens L. (PALMAE) Common namesKannada: Baini.Tulu: Yeend.Malayalam: Iram-ponei, Chunda pana.Tamil: Konda panei.Telugu: Konda jivalaggum, Mari. Description: A unarmed palms, up to 20 m tall, 30-45 cm in diam. with cylindric, annulate, not or scarcely soboliferous, smooth, grey, shining, covered with long shallow cracks with corky edges. Leaves bipinnate, 5-7 x 3-4 m; pinnae 1-2…

Carissa congesta Wight (APOCYNACEAE) Common namesKannada: Karande, Karekai.Malayalam: Kala, Karimullio.Sanskrit: Karamarda.Tamil: Kalaa, Kilaa.Telugu: Kalivi, Waaka.English: Bengal currant. Description: Spreading shrubs with significant thorns and light grey bark; the branches typically alternate, bearing pairs of sturdy, sharp, horizontal, and smooth spines measuring 2.5-4 cm in length. Leaves elliptic-oblong or broadly ovate, 4-7.5 x 2.5 – 5…

Callicarpa tomentosa (L.) Murray (VERBENACEAE) Common namesKannada: Doddanathada gida, Pandavara bathi.Malayalam: Nallapompil.Tamil: Verrilaippattai, Vettilaipattai. Description: Compact trees reaching heights of 8-10 meters with rough, brownish bark; their young branches are covered in star-shaped hairs. Leaves opposite, ovate, elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 10-25 x 7-15 cm, acute or rounded at base, acuminate at apex, entire or toothed,…